The Fascinating Story of Benkos Biohó and The Afro-Colombian Resistance
- Luis Felipe Ramirez
- Oct 25
- 3 min read
Introduction: The Soul of Colombia's Freedom
Colombia is often seen through the lens of its colonial charm—the cobblestone streets of Bogota’s Candelaria or Cartagena’s colorful balconies. Yet, beyond these iconic images lies a deeper, lesser-known narrative: a story of resistance, freedom, and identity. This is the story of The Afro-Colombian Resistance.
At its heart stands Benkos Biohó, an African-born leader who defied the chains of slavery to found the first free town in the Americas. His legacy echoes across centuries, reminding travelers that Colombia’s soul was forged not only by conquerors but also by those who refused to be conquered.
In this article, we uncover the powerful history of Benkos Biohó and how his spirit of freedom continues to shape Afro-Colombian culture today—from the coastal town of San Basilio de Palenque to the modern rhythm of Colombian cities like Bogota and Cartagena.
Benkos Biohó: The King Who Founded Freedom
Benkos Biohó was believed to be a West African royal before being captured and enslaved by Portuguese traders in the late 16th century. Transported to Cartagena de Indias—one of the busiest slave ports of the Spanish Empire—Biohó’s destiny seemed sealed. Yet, he refused to live in chains.
In a daring act of rebellion, Biohó escaped into the dense tropical forests with a group of enslaved men and women, forming a community of freedom seekers known as cimarrones. Together, they built a network of resistance that not only survived but thrived, resisting Spanish forces for decades.
In 1603, Biohó achieved what no other enslaved leader in the Americas had done before—he negotiated and signed a peace treaty with the Spanish Crown, granting freedom and autonomy to his people. Although later betrayed and executed, his defiance planted the seeds of The Afro-Colombian Resistance that continue to inspire generations.
San Basilio de Palenque: A Living Cultural Legacy
Today, San Basilio de Palenque, founded by Benkos Biohó’s followers, stands as a living monument to freedom. Recognized by UNESCO in 2005 as a Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity, it remains one of Colombia’s most culturally rich destinations.
The town’s Palenquero language is a linguistic treasure—a blend of Spanish and African Bantu tongues, the only Creole language in the Americas that has survived since the colonial era. Spoken proudly by locals, it is a symbol of identity and resistance.
Music and food also tell this story. The rhythms of bullerengue and sexteto echo African roots, while traditional dishes like fried fish with coconut rice and plantains offer travelers a taste of ancestral memory. Visiting Palenque is not only a cultural experience but a journey through living history.
From the Coast to the Capital: The Afro-Colombian Influence
Although San Basilio de Palenque lies near Cartagena, its influence resonates far beyond the Caribbean coast. Afro-Colombian culture has shaped the nation’s identity—from the marimba rhythms of the Pacific coast to the urban art and music scenes in Bogota and Medellin.
Travelers visiting Bogota can feel this influence through local festivals, gastronomy, and art that celebrate Afro heritage. Understanding this history adds depth to the experience of visiting Colombia, allowing travelers to see beyond the colonial façade and connect with the country’s true cultural mosaic.
The Afro-Colombian Resistance: More Than History
The Afro-Colombian Resistance is not just a chapter in history books—it is a living story of dignity and resilience. It reminds us that freedom in the Americas was not granted; it was fought for, one community at a time.
From Benkos Biohó’s leadership to the vibrant life of Palenque, this legacy endures in every drumbeat, every word of Palenquero, and every traveler who seeks to understand Colombia beyond its postcards.
For those who want to connect deeply with this heritage, consider joining our Private Tour in Bogota, Medellin, and Cartagena: The Essence of Colombia. It’s the perfect way to experience the country’s diversity—from its colonial landmarks to the roots of The Afro-Colombian Resistance that continue to shape its identity.
